Chain-stitch sewing machine



Dec. 16,1941. F. F. ZEIER CHAIN-STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed April 15,1939 ll Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 16, 1941. IF. F. ZEIER CHAIN-STITCH SEWINGMACHINE 11 Sheets-Shet 2 Filed April 15, 1939 N: 3mm E'ede '05 ZeierDec. 16, 1941. F. F. ZEIER STITCH SEWING nmcgnm Filed April is, 1939CHAIN- 11 Sheets-Sheet 3 De c. 16, 1941.

F. F, ZEIER CHAIN-STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed April 15, 1959 llSheets-Sheet 4 Dec. 16, 1941, A. F. ZEIER CHAIN-STITCH SEWING MACHINEFiled April 15 1959 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 fiederiek ZZez'er Dec. 16, 1941.F. F. ZEIER 2,266,140

CHAIN- STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed April is, 1939 11 Sheets-Sheet 7 7 Ivl7Ig!IIIIlllllllllllllllllllwggll 1 1$?i I A & /////////////////////4Dec. 16, 1941. F. F..ZEIER CHAIN-STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed April 15,1939 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 liederic I'Zeief Dec. 16, 1941.

F. F. ZEIER 2,266,140

CHAIN-STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed April 15, 1939 ll Sheets-Sheet 9 -1151 I iw-m Dec. 16, 1941. F. F. ZEIER CHAIN-STITCH SEWING MACHINE 11 She'ets-Sheet 16 Filed April 15, 1939 l hderiel 1. Z826? Dec. 16, 1941. F.F. ZEIER CHAIN-STITCH SEWING MACHINE 11 Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed April15,1939

I80 270 OF T/lf MAM SHAFT Patented Dec. 16, 1941 CHAIN-STITCH snwmcMACHINE Frederick F. Zeier, Fairfield, Conn., assignor to The SingerManufacturing Company, Elizabeth, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey 7Application April 15,

28 Claims.

This invention relates to sewing machines, more particularly of thechain-stitch straightaway-feed type designed for accommodatingcomparatively heavy materials, and has for an object to provide anorganized sewing machine of the type-in question having improvedcharacteristics enabling it to be commercially operated at speedsconsiderably in excess of those of previous machines of this type,without undue wear and tear on the various parts.

A second object of the invention is to provide an improved and novellooper operating mechanism, wherein the looper is given a variablemotion such that it will cooperate with a needle having work-feedingmovements regardless of the amplitude of these movements.

With the above and other objects in view, as will hereinafter appear,the invention comprises the devices, combinations, and arrangements ofparts hereinafter set forth and illustrated in the accompanying drawingsof a preferred embodiment of the invention, from which the severalfeatures of the invention and the advantages attained thereby will bereadily understood by those skilled in the art.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectionthrough the frame of a machine embodying the invention, showing theinternal mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a rear side elevation of the sewing machine with the oildrip-pan removed.

Fig. 3 is a front end elevation with the bed and work-supporting platein section.

Fig. 4 represents a vertical section taken substantially along the line4-4, Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 represents a horizontal section taken substantially along theline 5-5, Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a detail view in'elevation of the feedframe in which isioumaled the reciprocatory needle-bar.

Figs. 7 and 8 are enlarged fragmentary views of the thread-loop seizingend of the spreaderblade disclosed in Fig. 3 in position adjacent to andabove the looper;

Fig. 9 is a top plan of the machine-bed with the bracket-arm andwork-supporting plate removed therefrom to expose the mechanism withinthe bed.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially along theline Ill-l0, Fig. 9.

1939, Serial No. 267,958

Fig. 13 is a horizontal section through the head of the machine takensubstantially along the line I3-l3, Fig. 3.

Fig. 14 is a vertical section taken substantially 5 along the line Il-l4, Fig. 1, showing the oil-' metering device which is adapted togovern the amount of lubricant directed to the needle-bar crank andlink.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the lower portionof the oil-metering stem disclosed in Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is an enlarged horizontal section taken along the line Iii-l6,Fig. 14. 7 1

Fig. 17 is a rear end elevation of the-machine with the balance-wheelremoved.

Fig. 18 is an end elevation of the counterbalance needle-bar crankshowing clearly the eccentricity of the undercut recess formed there-Fig. 19 is a fragmentary front side elevation of a portion of thebracket-arm and head, showing the needle-thread controlling devices.

Fig. 20 is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially along theline 20-20, Fig. 9.

Fig. 21 is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially along theline 21-21, Fig.9.

Fig. 22 is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially along theline 22-22, Fig. 9.

Fig. 23, is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially along theline 23-23, Fig. 9.

Fig. 24 is a top plan of the machine-bed with the work-supportingplateremoved to expose the lubricant-distribution system.

Fig. 25 is a front side elevation of the machinebed-partly in section.

Fig. 26 is a top plan of the work-supporting plate secured upon themachine-bed.

Fig. 2'7 is a front side elevation of the machinebed and work-supportingplate.

Fig. 28 is a front side elevation of the drip-pan which is adapted toenclose the machine-bed.

Fig. 29 is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially along theline 29-29, Fig. 26.

Fig. 30 is a front end elevation of the loopermechanism showing thepaths of travel of certain of its elements, together with thecorresponding path of travel of the point of the needle.

Fig. 31 is a front end elevation of the lower four-motion feedingmechanism showing the paths of travel of certain of its elements,together with the corresponding path of travel of the point of theneedle. e

Fig. 32 is a disassembledperspective view of the looper-mechanism andits actuating crank.

Fig. 33 is a graph showing two curves representing displacement, orvelocity, of the looper and needle, together with a curve illustratingthe velocity of a point traveling in simple harmonic motion.

The detailed description which follows is broken down into sections soas to facilitate a quick understanding of the various mechanisms of themachine and their operations. It should be understood that the presentinvention is not limited to the details of construction and arrangementof parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings for it is capable ofother embodiments which come within the scope of the ap-- pended claims.

Frame and general structure The frame of the machine illustrated formsthe subject of a divisional application Serial No. 362,907, filedOctober 26, 1940.

The hollow frame, which is preferably cast in two pieces, comprises arectangular bed I from one end of which rises a standard 2 of anoverhanging bracket-arm 3 terminating in a head 4.

The rectangular bed I is composed of vertically disposed front and rearside walls and 6, and end walls 1 and 8. Intermediate the end walls 1and 8 are two dividing walls 9 and III which separate the bed I intothree rectangular compartments II, I 2 and I3. Disposed in compartmentsII and I2 are the stitch-forming mechanism and the feeding mechanism,together with connections for actuating the same. Each of these twocompartments is open at the bottom to permit the precipitation of spentoil, lint and dirt from the mechanism within these compartments. Byreference to Fig. 1, it will be seen that compartment |3 forms the lowerportion or sump of a lubricant chamber and is closed at the bottom bymeans of a removable circular sheetmetal cover-plate l4.

Secured upon the rear end-portion of the bed I is the standard 2 of thebracket-arm 3. The standard has integrally formed therewith a verticalinternal partition l5 which extends from the rear end wall 8 of the bedI to a cover-plate |6 secured upon the top of the bracket-arm 3, anddivides the space within the standard into the oil or splash-lubricationchamber l3 and a belt compartment l1. The open face of the standard isclosed by means of a sheet-metal plate |8 which is adapted to protectthe operator from contacting the driving belt housed within the beltcompartment l1. In, order to facilitate removal of the plate l8, it isprovided with two keyholeslots |9 entered by the spacing studs 28threaded into the partition l5, and with a finger-hole 2|, whereby theplate l8 may be easily grasped.

The bracket-arm 3 at the standard end is provided with an internalpartition 22-and at its head end is provided with an internal partition23, which partitions define a compartment housing the eccentrics andsome of the connections for actuating the needle and top feedingmechanisms. In addition, partitions 22 and 23 provide bearing lugs forthe ball-bearing 24 and the bearing bushing 25 in which is journaled themain or arm-shaft 26. To lend support to the end-portion of thearm-shaft 26 adjacent the standard 2, there is provided an additionalballbearing 21, and supporting means therefor which is mounted in thevertical internal partition l5 of the standard 2. The supporting meansfor the ball-bearing 21 comprises a bushing 28 fixed in the partition l5by the set-screw 29 and having an axial bore 38, the diameter of whichis slightly in excess of the diameter of the arm-shaft 26. The bushing28 is formed at one end with a reduced end-portion 3| upon which ispress-fitted the inner race 32 of a commercial ball-bearing 33.Press-fitted upon the outer race of the ballbearing 33 is abelt-sprocket 34 of which the hub 35 is secured by set-screw 36 upon thearm-shaft 26. Fixed upon the end of the arm-shaft 26 is the usualbelt-driven balance-wheel 31. With the ball-bearing supporting meansabove described, it will be obvious that the bushing 28, ball-bearing 33and belt-sprocket 34 may be assembled as a unit and conveniently appliedto the machine by merely tightening the set-screws 29 and 36.

Longitudinally of the bed I there is journaled in the bushing 38,ball-bearing39 and ball-bearing 48, the lower rotary main-shaft 4|having secured upon one end thereof a belt-sprocket 42 of the samediameter as the belt-sprocket 34. These two belt-sprockets 34 and 42 areconnected by means of a conventional clip-belt 43 to rotate at a ratioof one-to-one. It will be seen from Fig. 1 that the belt-sprocket 42, asin the case of belt-sprocket 34, in effect acts as a support for the endof the lower main-shaft 4| through the medium of the ball-bearing andthe stationary bushing 44 secured in the wall 8 of the bed I. Themain-shaft 4| at its forward end-portion has secured thereto eccentricsand a crank for actuating the mechanism located within the bed I.

- Referring now to Figs. 26 to 29, inclusive, it will be observed thatthe bed I is provided with a work-supporting plate 45 detachably securedby means of four screws 46. In order that access may be had to themechanism beneath the worksupporting plate 45, and to facilitatethreading the looper, the work-supporting plate 45 is fitted with aremovable cover-plate 41 held in position by the latch 48. This latch 48yieldingly maintains the two corners 49 of the cover-plate 41 seated inundercut recesses formed in the worksupporting plate 45. The latch 48 ismaintained in engagement with the cover-plate 41 by a bowed spring 50the ends of which bear against a retaining strap 5| fastened beneath theworksupporting plate by the screws 52. Endwise movement of the latch 48is controlled by the stop-pin 53 of which the head enters an enlargedaperture 54 in the latch 48. Chatter of the coverplate 41 is minimizedin the present case by using only three point contact between thecover-plate 41 and the work-supporting plate 45, aided by the use of astrip of rubber or felt 55 on the latch 48. To facilitate removal of thecover lat 41, the latter is formed with two finger-holes 56. In removingthe cover plate 41, the operator inserts a finger in each of the holes56 and shifts the plate 41 to the right, Fig. 29, thereby disengagingthe two corners 49 of the cover-plate from their respective recesses andpermitting the same to be tilted and removed.

The machine bed I is adapted to be placed in an open-topped box-likedrip-pan 51 having secured around its upper edge an L-shaped gasket 58which prevents metal-to-metal contact between the machine-bed and thedrippan 51. It

will be understood that the surplus oil supplied to the various bearingsthrough piping later to be described, is collected in the drip-pan whichperiodically is drained through the plug 59 and cleaned out. The gasket58 not only prevents the egress of oil from the drip-pan 51, but alsofunctions as a vibration dampening expedient.

and a removable drip-pan. This construction is particularly advantageousin assembling and adjusting the machine, since it exposes all themechanism within the bed.

Needle-bar mechanism -wise reciprocation, a needlebar 64 carrying at itslower end a needle 65. The lower end of the vibratory frame 62 issteadied in its movement by an L-shaped bracket 62' which is secured tothe machine-head 4. Clamped upon the needle-bar 64 intermediate the lugs63 is the usual split collar 66 having a hollow pin 61 connected by atubular link 88 to a hollow crank-pin 69 carried by a counterbalancedcrank 18 secured upon the end of the arm-shaft 26. A unique and noveloiling system has been devised for lubricating the needle-bar mechanism,and this system will bedescribed in detail under the appropriate sectionof lubrication.

To assist in feeding the work through the machine, the needle is adaptedto vibrate in the line of feed in timed relation with the variousfeeding elements. The vibratory movement of the needle is derived froman adjustable eccentric '|I mounted upon the arm-shaft 26 throughconnections clearly disclosed in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Embracing theeccentric II is a short rearwardly extending pitman I2, the end of whichis connected to the upper end of a vertically disposed lever I3 clampedat its lower end upon the end of a rock-shaft l4 journaled in spacedlugs of the rear wall of the head 4. Pinned upon the other end of therock-shaft I4 is the upper end of the depending lever 16 connected atits lower end by a horizontal link 11 to a split projection I8, see Fig.6, formed upon the frame 82.

To 'provide for changing the amplitude of vibration of the needle, i.e., to change the length' of stitch, provision must be made to permitadjustment of the amount of movement imparted to the needle. In thepresent case, the eccentric is constructed so that its eccentricity maybe conveniently adjusted to give the desired stitchlength. Theconstructive features of the adjustable eccentric used inthe machinechosen for illustration need not herein be described, since theeccentric is disclosed and claimed in the United States patent to W.Myers, No. 2,128,031, issued Aug. 23, 1938. To assist in effectingadjustment of the eccentric H, there is provided in the top of thebracket-arm 3 a detent '19 which is adapted to be depressed by theoperator and to enter a suitable stop-notch in the adjusting member ofthe eccentric 1|, permitting the operator to turn the balance-wheel3land adjust the eccentricity of the eccentric. The structural detailsof-the detent I9 will not be described in detail, since it is disclosedin the United States patent to W. Myers, No. 2,063,264, dated Dec. 8,1936, but its operation in connection with the presentthis specificationin connection with the lower four-motion feeding mechanism.

As described above, it will be understood that as the arm-shaft isrotated the needle-bar 64 is reciprocated endwise and at the same time.is vibrated in the line of feed by the eccentric II and the connectionsactuated thereby.

Top-feeding mechanism Assisting the needle in advancing the work throughthe machine, is a top four-motion feeding mechanism which is designed tocooperate with the presser-mechanism. This feeding mechanism, whichforms the subject of a divi--' sion'al application Serial No. 332,441,filed Apr. 30, 1940, comprises a feed-dog 88 carried in the usual wayupon the lower end of a feed-bar 8| slidable in a vertical dovetailedguideway 82 formed in the vibratory frame 82. Referring to Figs. 5 and6, it will be observed that in order to take up wear, and also tofacilitate manufacture, one side of the dovetailed guideway 82 is in theform of a detachable gib 83 secured by screws 84 threaded into thevibratory frame 62.

Disposed adjacent the feed-dog 88 is a presserfoot 85 attached to thelower end of an endwise movable presser-bar 86 journaled in a fixedbushing in the head 4 of the machine. Clampe-tl upon the upper end ofthe presser-bar 86 is a horizontal guide-arm 81, Fig. 13, the free endof which is adapted to enter the usual presser-bar guide-slot 88provided in the rear wall of the machine-head 4. This guide-slot 88, inthe present case, is preferably formed of two parallel hardened steelrunners 89 and 88 secured one upon the outside of the wall of themachine-head 4 and the other upon the inside of the wall of themachine-head by screws 9| and 92.

Positioned directly above the upper ends of th feed-bar 8| andpresser-bar 86 is an inverted T- shaped angle-lever 93 provided at thejunctionof the limbs thereof with a horizontally disposed fulcrum-pin 94which is journaled in the end of the arm 95 freely fulcrumed upon therock-shaft 14 adjacent the lever 16. The ends of the substantiallyhorizontal limb of the angle-lever 93 are provided with pivot-pins 96and 91. Pin 96 is connected by a depending link 98 to the upper end ofthe feed-bar 8|, and pin 91 is connected by a depending link 99 to alifting pin I 88 carried by the presser-bar guide-arm 81. The upstandinglimb of the angle-lever 93 is connected by the curved link I8I to theslotted rock-lever I82 pinned upon one end of a feed-advance rockshaftI83 journaled in a lug I84 integral with the rear wall of themachine-head 4. Clamped upon the other end of the feed-advancerock-shaft I83 is the upstanding rock-lever I85, the upper end ofwhich'is connected by a. pitman I86 actuated by an eccentric I81 securedupon the armshaft 26.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 12, it will Ice'seen head of the screw I89carriedby the arm 95. The

other end of the leaf-spring I88 is apertured to receive the retainingpin 8 of the lug III, and intermediate the ends of the spring I88 thereis provided an adjusting screw II2 for regulating the amount of pressureapplied by the spring. It will be readily understood that the purpose ofthe arrangement will be more fully described later in 75 leaf-spring I88is to maintain either the presser- .the curved link IN.

foot 85 or the feed-dog 80 in engagement with the work upon thework-supporting plate 45.

Considering the top feeding mechanism in the position illustrated inFig. 3, the operation thereof is as follows: Rotation of the arm-shaft26 imparts to the angle-lever 93, through the eccentric I 01 andconnections actuated thereby, a constant oscillatory motion about theaxis of the fulcrumpin 94. When the presser-foot 85 engages the work, orthe throat-plate as shown in Fig. 3, and

the rock-lever I02 moves in a clockwise direction about the axis of thefeed-advance rock-shaft I03, the pin 91 of the angle-lever 93 becomesthe pivot-point about which the angle-lever turns. Further movement ofthe rock-lever I02 in the same direction raises the feed-bar 8I throughthe link 98 and also elevates to a small extent the spring-biased end ofthe arm 95. When the feed-dog 80 carried by the feed-bar 8| is thuslifted from the work, the vibratory frame 62, which carries theneedle-bar 64 and the feed-bar 8I, is shifted to the right through thevibration of the lever 16, Fig. 3, or, in other words, given itsfeed-return movement. At the end of this feedreturn movement, theoscillation of the rock-lever I02 in a counterclockwise direction causesa turning of the angle-lever 93 about the pivot-pin 94 in a clockwisedirection, which results in a lowering of the feed-dog 80 into contactwith the work, in which position the pin 96 carried by the anglelever 93becomes the pivot-point about which the angle-lever turns. Furthermovement of the rock-lever I02 in the counterclockwise direction raisesthe presser-bar 86 through the link 99. When the presser-foot. is thusraised from the work, the vibratory frame 62 carrying the needlebar 64and the feed-bar 8| has imparted to it, through its actuatingconnections previously described, the feed-advance movement. Thissequence of operations above described is repeated in timed relationwith a, lower four-motion feeding mechanism which will later bedescribed, and it will be understood that an improved work-feedingmechanism has been provided that will operate efliciently at highspeeds.

In order that the amount of elevation of the.

presser-foot and feed-dog may be varied to compensate for materials ofvarious thickness, the

rock-lever I02 is slotted and has clamped thereto Adjustment of the endof the link MI in the slot I02 of the rock-lever I02 varies the amountof oscillation imparted to the angle-lever 93 which controls the heightto which the presser-foot 85 and feed-dog 80are raised.

It will be observed that the angle-lever 93 is connected by the twodepending links 98 and 99 to the feed-bar 8I and presser-bar 86,respectively. The provision of these two links renders the top feedingmechanism exceedingly flexible and prevents any binding of thepresser-bar or feed-bar in their respective guides. To facilitateassembly of the top feeding mechanism, the pivot-pins 96 and 91 as wellas several others are held against axial displacement by conventionalthin sheet-metal resilient retainers I I3 which are seated in peripheralgrooves formed in the endportions of the pivot-pins.

From Figs. 1 and '3, it will be seen that in order to obtain acomparatively long stitch, the feed-bar'8l is spaced to the left of thevertical plane containing the longitudinal axes of the needle-bar 64 andthe presser-bar 86, and also rearwardly of the needle-bar 64 so that thefeedbar 8| can move backwardly during the feedstroke to a positionsubstantially at the side of the presser-bar 86. With the view ofobtaining a more smoothly acting top feeding mechanism, and to minimizethe endwise movement of the feed-bar 8| during the vibration of theframe 62,

The lower four-motion feeding mechanism, which operates in synchronismwith the needlefeed and top-feed mechanisms, comprises a feedadvance and-retum rock-shaft II 4 and a feedlift rock-shaft IIS disposed onopposite sides of the lower main-shaft 4I journaled in the bed I.

The feed-advance and -retum rock-shaft H4 is joumaled in two bushings II6 and H1 fixed in the walls I and 9, respectively, of the bed I.Clamped upon the inner end of the rock-shaft H4 is a dependingrock-lever II8, the lower end of which is connected by a pitman II9 toan adjustable eccentric I20 upon the lower main-shaft 4|. The elementsof the eccentric I 20 are identical with the eccentric H on the uppermainshaft, and with the disclosure in the United States patent to W.Myers. No. 2,128,031, dated Aug. 23, 1938, previously referred to in thedescription of the needle-bar mechanism. Secured by screws I2I upon theouter end-portion of the rock-shaft H4 is the usual upstandingfeedrocker I22 carrying at its upper end a hollow fulcrum-bar I23 heldagainst endwise movement by the cap-screws I24 threaded into thefeed-rocker I22. Journaled upon the fulcrum-bar I23 is the bifuractedend of a feed-bar I25 formed with a guideway I26 entered by the shank ofthe lower feed-dog I21, the shank having threaded into it a clamp-screwI28 for securing the feed-dog I21 in vertically adjusted position.Formed in the feed-dog I21 is a needle-aperture I21 which is adapted toreceive the needle 65 and back up the same during feeding of the work.

The feed-lift rock-shaft H5 is supported at its outer end by a pintle. I29 fixed in the wall 1 of the bed I, and at its inner end by a pintleI30 fixed in a lug I3I integral with the wall 6 of the bed I, see Fig.22. Depending from the inner end of the feed-lift rock-shaft H5 is arocklever I32, the lower end of which is connected by a short pitman I33actuated by an eccentric I34 fastened upon the lower main-shaft 4|.Extending horizontally and forwardly from the outer end of the feed-liftrock-shaft I I 5 is a rock-lever I35, the free end of which is connectedby the depending links I 36 to the free end of the feedbar I 25.

In a machine having an upper feeding mechanism and a lower feedingmechanism each deriving its work-advancing movements from independentadjustable eccentrics means must be provided to enable the two feedingmechanisms to remain in unison during the adjustment of thestitch-length. From Fig. 10, it will be observed that the adjustingelement of the eccentric I20 is held stationary by means of a pivotallymounted detent I31 having an offset finger-plate I38 overlying the freeend of a spring-wire I39 which normally maintains the detent I31elevated into inoperative position. Access to the detent I31 may be hadby removing the coverplate 41 of the work-supporting plate 45. Inadjusting the stitch-length of the upper and lower feeding mechanisms.the balance-wheel is manu-' ally turned until the detent 19 on thebracketarm 3 registers with the stop notch in the eccentric H of theupper feeding mechanism, in which position the detent is depressed andturned, thereby locking the same in latching position. This leaves onehand of the operator free so that the detent I31 for the adjustableeccentric I20 upon the lower main-shaft 4| may be manually held inlatching position while the balance-wheel is turned with the other handof the operator until the required amount of eccentricity has beenobtained. To resume sewing, the detent I31 is released, as is also thedetent 19. It is obvious from the above description that efiicient meanshave been provided whereby the separate eccentrics for the upper andlower feeds may be concomitantly adjusted to vary the eccentricitythereof.

Fig. 31 shows the loci of travel of the various elements of the lowerfeeding mechanism, as well as that of the point of the'needle.Particular attention is called to the comparatively fiat upper half ofthe locus F, which is the path of travel of a point on the feed-dog I21.This comparatively fiat portion of the locus F is the path of travel ofa point on the feed-dog I21 above the throat-plate, and the advantagesof such a flat path of travel of the feed-dog are appreciated by thoseskilled in the art.

An efficient lubricating system has been incorporated in the machine tooil the moving parts of the lower feeding mechanism, and this systemwill be described in detail later under the appropriate section oflubrication.

Looper mechanism The looper-mechanism of the present machine is of thetwo-motion type and the looper is oscillated in a vertical planeparallel to the direction of feed about a fixed axis, the loop-seizingmotion being in a-direction opposite to the direction of the feed of thework through the machine. The looper-mechanism comprises a looper I40of'which the cylindrical shank MI is secured in a carrier I42 fixedlyclamped upon an oscillatable sleeve I43 journaled upon a tubularsupporting rod I44 fixed in the bushings I45 and 5 I46 in the walls 1and 9, respectively of the bed I. The oscillatable sleeve I43 isactuated from the lower main-shaft 4| through connections adapted togive the looper I40 a variable motion. These connections comprise adepending rock-lever I41 fastened by screws I40 upon one end of theoscillatable sleeve I43, one of the screws I48 engaging the flat I49milled in the sleeve I43. Disposed in the lower end of the dependinglever I41 is a hollow pin I50 upon which is journaled the lower end of alink I5I. The upper end of the link I5I is journaled upon a hollow pinI52 fixed in the lower end of a second link I53 which is journaled atits upper end upon a hollow crankpin I54 carried by a counterbalancedcrank I55 fixed upon the outer end of the lower main-shaft 4 I Freelyfulcrumed upon the oscillatable sleeve I43 intermediate the dependingrock-lever I41 and a securing split-ring I56 is a collar I51 providedwith a substantially horizontal cylindrical guide-rod I58 slidablyreceived in a suitable control-sleeve I59 formed in' the link I53.

It will be observed from Fig. 30 that the loopercarrier I42 is directlyconnected to the countera balanced crank I55-through connections I41,I5I

and I53, and that the amount of movement imparted to the looper-carrierI42 is controlled by the cylindrical guide-rod I58 which maintains andforces the link I53 into predetermined positions as the crank I55 isrotated. ln other words, the effective leverage between the crank I55and looper-carrier I42 15 so varied that the looper I40 travels at avariable velocity, the instantaneous values or which are plotted in Fig.33. In this figure, the ordinate represents displacement of the looperand needle, and the abscissa repre-.

sents degrees of rotation of the main-shalt beginning at the lowermostpoint of the needle-bar stroke. By comparing the velocity curve of thelooper with the velocity curve of a point traveling in simple harmonicamotion, Fig. 33, it will be observed that the slope of the'looper curvefrom the needle-loop shedding position to the needle-' loop seizingposition is relatively steep, indicating a very marked and rapid changein the speed of the looper. This change in speed of the looper of thepresent machine at this portion of the stitch-forming cycle is desirableand, in fact, necessary since, from Fig. 30, it will be seen that thelooper and needle at the loop-shedding point are each moving in the samedirection (direction of feed) and that before the eye of the needlerises above the point of the looper the latter and then advance toloop-seizing position in a relatively short time. InFig, 30, the. locusA is the path of travel of the point of the needle at maximumstitch-length, -while locus B is the path of travel of the point of. theneedle at minimum stitch-length.

From the above description considered in connection with Figs. 30, 32and 33, it will be understood that a novel two-motion looper-mechanismis provided that will impart to the looper a variable motion of such acharacter as td render the looper-mechanism particularly applicable toa. needle-feed machine.

Spreader mechanism To assist in stitch-formation, the two-motion looperI40 has cooperating therewith a spreader I60 which is adapted to distendthe looperthread to form the usual triangle with the previous needlethread-loop for entrance by the descending needle. The spreader I60 atits free end is formed with two laterally spaced threadengaging notchesI6I and I62, see Figs. 6 and 7.

slotted as at I63, see Fig. 9, andsecured by aclamp-screw I64 upon oneend' of a reciprocatory supporting rod I65 journaled in a fixed bushingI66 in the wall 9 of the bed I. Attached for endwise adjustment upon theother ,end of the supporting rod I65 is a head I61 (Fig. 10) con nectedby a link I68 to an upstanding rock-lever I69 formed integral with anoscillatable transverse sleeve I10. This sleeve I10 is preferablyjournaled upon a hollow rod I1I fixed at its opposite ends in lugs I12and I13 formed upon the walls 5 and 6, respectively, of the bed I; thesleeve I 10 being held against endwise movement upon the hollow rod I1Iby a collar I14. Formed integral with the sleeve I 10 at the end remotefrom the rock-lever I69 is a second rock-lever I15 provided in its freeend with a short rod I16 a split socket I18 formed in the upper end of arelatively short pitman I19 actuated by an ec-.

centric I80 secured upon the lower main-shaft 4|, see Fig. 11.

The eccentric I80 is timed so that the spreader is reciprocatedcrosswise of the line of seam The presser-foot 85 and the top feed-dog80 are adapted to be raised either by the usual hand-controlled liftinglever or by knee or foot operated mechanism.

The preferred form of hand-controlled lifting lever is best illustratedin Figs. 2, 3, 12 and 13. It comprises a rearwardly extending lever I8Iprovided with a handle I82 at its free end, and at its other end isformed integral with or otherwise secured to a relatively long hub I83of the lifting cam I84 journaled upon a stud-pin I85 projecting from themachine-head 4. As the lever I8I is raised, the lifting cam I84 isadapted to engage under the presser-bar guide-arm 81 which is clampedupon the presser-bar 86, there by elevating the presser-foot from thework. The raising of the presser-bar guide-arm 81 transmits a liftingforce through the link 99 and the angle-lever of the upper feedingmechanism' to the free end of the-arm 95, which causes the same to turnin a counterclockwise direction about the rock-shaft 14 in opposition tothe leafspring I08. The turning of the arm 95 in a counterclockwisedirection obviously elevates the top feed-bar 8| which is connected tothe arm 95 through the link 98 and the angle-lever 93. From the abov itwill be understood that a raising of the lever I8I will elevate both thepresser-foot 85 and the top feed-dog 80.

The presser-bar guide-arm 81; as previously described, is provided witha lifting pin I00, the inner end of which enters a vertically disposedclearance slot I88 formed in the lower end of a link I81 connected atits upper end to the horizontal arm I88 of a bell-crank lever pivotedupon a fulcrum-stud I89 projecting from the rear wall of themachine-head 4. Fastened upon the upstanding arm.l90 which forms theother limb of the bell-crank'lever is a comparatively long wire link I9Isecured at its other end to an upstanding arm I92 formed with a hub I93journaled upon a supporting pin I94 fixed in the rear wall of thestandard 2. Formed upon the outer end of the hub I93 is an inclinedblock I95 channeled to receive either the foot-actuating lever I99,shown in full lines in Fig. 2, orthe kneeactuated lever I91, shown indotted lines in Fig. 2.

, The provision of a presser-lifter mechanism adapted to receiveinterchangeably either a footactuated lever or a knee-actuated lever isof course advantageous, since it enables the sewing machine to be set upas desired by individual operators.

The hand-controlled lifting lever I 8| can be actuated independently ofthe kneeor foot-operated mechanism for a major portion of its arc ofmovement by virtue of the clearance slot I86 formed in the link I81. Itwill be appreciated that a raising of the hand-controlled lever I8Iresults in a moving of the pin I00 from the lower end of the clearanceslot I88 to the upper end of the clearance slot, without imparting anymovement to the kneeor foot-operated mechanism until the pin engages theupper end of the clearance slot I88. In order to maintain the link I81in its lowest position, the arm I90 of the bellcrank lever has bearingagainst it a spring I98 which is coiled about and secured to thefulcrumstud I89 of the bell-crank lever.

In order that the needle-thread may be relieved of its tension when thepresser-foot and top feeding foot are raised, the upper end of theupstanding arm I92 (Figs. 12 and 17) has fixed thereto a cam-arm I98which when actuated by either the hand-lifting lever I8I or the 'kneeorfootoperated mechanism engages the end of the tension-releasing pin I99and shifts the same endwise in opposition to the coil-spring 200. Theendwise movement of the releasing pin I99 separates the tension-disks20I of the usual tension device 202 supported upon a plate 203 securedupon the cover-plate I6.

Thread-handling mechanism The mechanism of the present machine forcontrolling the needle-thread T is best shown in Fig. 19. The thread Ttraveling from the supply passes first through the intermittent tension202, the nipper 204, take-up 205, thread-controller 206, auxiliarytension device 201, thread-guide 208 and finally to the eye of theneedle 85. The intermittent tension 202 is of conventional design and isactuated as described in the previous section entitled Presser-footlifting mechanism. The nipper 204, a cross-section of which is shown inFig. 12, comprises a supporting pin 209 carryingat its outer end twoopposed thread-disks 2 I0 and at its inner end is formed with a head 2straddling a roller 2I2. The roller 2I2 is normally held in contact withan actuating cam 2I3 on the arm-shaft 26 by a coil-spring 2 which actsbetween the head 2 of the pin 209 and an adjustable nut 2I5 threadedinto a stationary sleeve 2| 8 fixed in the bracket-arm 3. Mounted uponthe outer end of the sleeve 2 I Ii is a U-shaped plate 2I'1'preventedfrom turning by the screw 2I8 threaded into the bracket-arm 3. The limbsof the U-shaped plate 2I8 are each provided with a single thread-eye 2!for guiding the thread T". It will be understood that as the arm-shaft28 is rotated, the actuating cam 2 I3 fixed thereto intermittently movesthe supporting pin 209 endwise, whereby the thread-disks 2I0 areseparated and the thread T may be drawn therebetween.

From the nipper, the thread T" is led to the take-up 205. This take-upcomprises an arm 220 fastened directly upon the upper end of theneedle-bar 64 by means of the screw MI and having at its free end athread-eye 222 through which passes the thread 'T The thread-controller206 comprises an am 223 forming a continuation of the split collar 68 towhich is conment by a screw 229 upon the needle-bar link 68. Thethread-controlling arm 228 is formed with a thread-slot 230 having athread take-up portion 230', the thread T passing through thethread-slot in its travel from one of the threadeyes 221 to the otherthread-eye 221. It will be seen from Fig. 3 that the arm 223 supportingthe thread-eyes 221 and the thread-controlling arm 228, as a result ofthe way in which each is supported, have a differential action relativeto each other, which action effects a periodic take-up of the thread TDuring the descending stroke of the needle 65 and prior to thepenetration of the work by the needle, the thread-controlling arm 228moves downward relative to the thread-eyes 221 in the member 226 andduring this downward movement the take-up portion 230 retains possessionof the thread and takes up slack thread between the thread-controller206 and the eye of the needle 65. This take-up action is desirable so asto hold the thread T against the blade of the needle 65 in the vicinityof the eye thereof as, the needle penetrates the-work. During theupstroke of the needle 65, the thread-controlling arm 228 moves upwardlyrelative to the threadeyes 221 and this relative upward movement isbeneficial in that the resulting thread take-up action assists theneedle insetting the previously a formed stitch.

A thread pull-off 23I is secured upon the bracket-arm 3 and thispull-off 23I has'an olfset free end 232 over which the needle-thread Tis laid as the take-up 205 reciprocates with the needle-bar 64. Theeffectiveness of this thread pull-off 23I may be regulated by simplyloosening the. clamping screw 233 and turning the pull-off about thepivot-screw 234, see Fig. 19. The function of the above describedpull-oft is to draw a short length of thread T from the supply so thatthe. thread-loop cast out by the needle 65 at the beginning of itsupstroke will be sufficiently large so that the 'beak of the looper I40can unerringly enter the same.

The control of the looper-thread T from any suitable supply isaccomplished as illustrated in Fig. 9. The looper-thread T is ledthrough the guide-tube 235 to the split thread-eye 236 of thetension-device 231, then through the single disk rotary take-up 238, tothe thread-guiding tube 239, thence to the looper I40. The single diskrotary take-up 238 is of conventional design and is substantially thesame as the take-up disclosed in the United States 'patent to A. B.Clayton, No. 2,095,212, issued Oct. 5, 1937. It will be observed fromFigs. 1, 9 and'22 that the plate 240 supporting the thread-guides of therotary takeup 238 is mounted upon a bracket 24I which is rigidly securedupon the reduced, extended end 242' of the pintle I in the lug I3I ofthe bed I. To facilitate placing the looper-thread T in thethread-guiding tube 239, the latter is formed with a helical slot 243,see Fig. 9, as are also the two freely rotatable sleeves 244 mountedupon the ends of tube 239. Inplacing the thread in the tube 239, the endsleeves 244 are turned until the slots therein are in register with thehelical slot 243. The thread T is then laterally introduced into thetube 239 and the sleeves 244 turned in order to lock the thread in thetube.

From theabove description it will be understood that only oneneedle-thread and one looprality of needle-threads and a plurality oflooperthreads.

Lubrication In order that the machine may be operated at high speedthere is provided an automatic lubricating system which thoroughly oilsall the hearing points in the machine. This lubricating system forms thesubject of a divisional application Serial No. 339,438, filed June 8,1940. In the bed I and standard 2 of the machine is an oil-chamber I3having a sump closed at the bottom by means of a removable circularcover-plate I4, see Fig. 1. Oil, isintroducedinto the chamber I3throughan oil-cup 245 threaded into the wall I0 of the bed, the level ofthe oil being determined by the top of the oil-cup 2'45. Contacting theoil contained in the chamber I3-is an oil-sling in the form of a ring246 running on a grooved driving collar 241 secured upon the lowermainshaft 4!. This oil-sling during the operation of the machine createsan oil-mist throughout the entire oil-chamber I3 of the machine and theoil suspended in this atmosphere is deposited upon an inclined collectorplate 248 at the top of the chamber I3. The oil upon the collector plate248 runs off the same and into an open-topped reservoir 249 sustained inposition at the upper end of the chamber I3 by two retaining screws 250.Projecting into the reservoir 249 is a horizontal lubricant-conduit 25Iwhich extends lengthwise of the bracket-arm 3 and terminates in thepartition 23 adjacent the machine-head 4.

Mounted upon the conduit 25I adjacent the partition 23 is a block 252',see Fig.4, held against and 260 of the pitment 12 and I06 to the pivot--points. It will be understood from theabove that oil is conducted fromthe conduit 25I to some of the bearing points in the top feedingmechanism, and that the amount of oil delivered .is effectivelycontrolled by metering screws 26I in the block 252 which are adapted tocompress and so vary the porosity of the wicks 2'56.

Referring now to Fig. 14, it will be seen that intersecting the conduit25I in the partition 23 is a horizontal transversebore 262 opening intoa vertical bore 263 extending through the bearing bushing 25 inthe'partition 23 and opening into the arm-shaft bearing surface of thebushing 25 Adjacent the bottom of the vertical bore 263 in the bearingbushing 25, see Fig. 1, is a relatively small horizontal bore 264terminating in a peripheral groove 265 formed in the reduced end-portion266. of the bushing 25. The reduced end-portion 266 of the bushing 25extends into i an undercut recess 261 in the counterbalanced needle-barcrank 10 which recess, as shown in Fig. 18, is eccentrically locatedwithrespect to opening into the central bore 269 of the hollow crank-pin69, which central bore 269 is connected by radial ducts to a centralbore 210 of the hollow I needle-bar link 68. It will be understood thatoil is conducted from the lubricant conduit 25I, through the bores 262and 263 to the bearing surface in the bushing 25, and that oil is alsoconducted from the vertical bore 263 through the bore 264 to theperipheral groove 265, where the oil drips ofi into the undercut recess261 and by centrifugal force is caused to move along the inclined sideof the recess 261 to the point which is at the greatest distance fromthe axis of rotation of the arm-shaft 26 where it enters the radial bore268 and is finally distributed to the bearings at the opposite ends ofthe needle-bar link 68.

In order to effectively control the amount of lubricant to be conveyedto the bearing bushing 25 and the needle-bar mechanism, two meteringdevices 21I and 212 are used. The metering device 21I, best shown inFigs. 14, and 16, comprises a hollow stem having at its upper end aflange 213 maintained setaed in a cavity 214 in the bracket-arm 3 by alock-nut 21.5. At its lower end, the stem is provided with a head 216having three vertical grooves 211, 218 and 219. Grooves 211 and 218 openinto the bottom surface of the head 216 and permit the oil in thevertical bore 263 to drain into the shaft bearing in the bushing 25.Groove 219 is provided so that the oil.

contained in the vertical bore 263 may drain into the horizontal bore264 in the bearing bushing 25. To vary the volume of oil delivered tothe horizontal bore 264 it is only necessary to loosen the lock-nut 215,insert a screw-driver in the slot 280 in the top of the stem and turnthe same to bring the groove 219 out of register more or less with thehorizontal bore 264 in the bearing bushing 25. By thus varying the sizeof the opening between the head 216 of the metering device and thehorizontal bore 264 more or less oil is delivered to the needle-barmechanism. The stem of the metering device is made hollow and isprovided with several radial ducts 28I so that the shaft bearing in thebushing may be manually oiled after the machine has been at rest for aconsiderable period of time. The metering device 212 disclosed in Fig. 1is preferably a screw-stud having an attenuated body 282 and an enlargedhead 283 which fits snugly within the central bore 269 of the hollowcrank-pin 69.

It will be understood that by turning the screwstud out of the centralbore 269, the enlarged head 285 will move across the outer end of thebore 268 in the needle-bar crank 10 and thereby materially reduce theamount of oil delivered to the' needle-bar crank-pin 69 and link 68.

In the event that the undercut recess 261 in the counterbalancedneedle-bar crank 10 becomes flooded with oil, the excess is thrown offby the oil-sling 1.0 which is formed on the needle-bar crank 18 andreturned within the bracket-arm 3 by the inclined drainage duct 284 inthe bearing bushing 25. Any excess oil collected in the bracket-arm 3 isreturned to the lubricant-chamber I3 through the drainage duct 285 inthe partition 22.

Considering now the lubricating of the mechanisms beneath thework-supporting plate 45, it will be observed in Figs. 1'1. 24 and 25that in the lower portion of the lubricant-chamber I3 there is providedan oil-collecting plate 286 having two troughs 281 and 288 formedtherein. Trough 281 is provided with an aperture which overlies areservoir 289, and trough 288 is provided with an aperture whichoverlies a reservoir 290. Each of these reservoirs is preferably splitat one end and wedged in the end-wall 8 of the bed I by a tapered screw29I. Secured to the other end of the reservoirs are lubricant-mains 292and 293, one of which is fitted with a regulating screw 29 I forcontrolling the amount of oil delivered thereby. Projecting from themain 292 are oil-pipes 294, 295, 296 and 291, and projecting from themain 293 are oil-pipes 298, 299, 300, 30I and 302. Each of the oil-pipesprojecting from the lubricant-mains is wick-filled and is adapted todistribute the oil by capillary attraction to the various wick-filledpockets and oil-holes in the connections and bearings in the mechanismwithin the bed.

Tracing the flow of oil from each oil-pipe, it will be seen from Figs.22 and 24 that oil-pipe 294 delivers oil to an oil-hole in the lug I'3Iintegral with the rear wall 6 of the bed I and that the oil is led fromthe oil-hole into a central bore 303 in the stationary pintle I30 andthen into a central bore 304 in the feed-lift rockshaft H5, lubricatingthe supporting bearings therefor. Oil-pipe 295, see Figs. 10 and 24,delivers oil to the oil-hole 305 in the supporting lug I12 for thehollow rod I1I upon which is journaled the sleeve I10. Oil-pipe 296, seeFigs. 23 and 24; delivers oil to an oil-hole 306 in the wall 9 of thebed I, the oil lubricating the bushing II1 through the duct 306' andultimately finding its way through the duct 306" along a central bore301 in the rockshaft II4, lubricating all the bearings therefor, as wellas other bearings for,the feed-rocker I22 and feed-bar I25. Oil-pipe291, see Figs. 20 and 24, conveys oil to an oil-hole 398 in the wall 9of the bed I, the oil-hole 308 terminating in the bearing surface of abushing 38 in which'is journaled the lower main shaft 4|. The surplusoil in this shaft bearing is collected at one end of the bushing 38 upona reduced portion 3I0 thereof. This reduced portion 3I0 is received inan undercut 3 formed in the inner face of the looper-actuating crank I55and the oil collected on the reduced portion 3I0 drips into the undercut3H and is conveyed by a central bore 3I2 and radial ducts 3I3 in thecrank-pin I54 to the sleeve I59 and the guide-rod I58. Surplus oil fromthe sleeve I59 and guide-rod I58 lubricates the hollow pin I52.

Oil-pipe 298, see Figs. 9, lland 25. delivers -oil to a wick-filledpocket -3I4 in the pitman I33 which connects the feed-lift rock-shaft II5 with the eccentric I34 on the lower main-shaft 4|. Oil in thewick-filled pocket 3I4 lubricates the eccentric I34 and the pivot-pin atthe opposite end of the pitman I33. Oil-pipe 299, see Figs. 11, 24 and25, delivers oil to a laterally projecting wick 3J5 carried by thepitman I19 which actuates the spreader mechanism. The wick 3I5 contactsthe surface 'of' the eccentric I and eflecticely lubricates the same.Oil-pipe 300, see Figs. 23, 24 and 25, delivers oil through an oil-hole3I6 in the end-portion of the feed-advance and -return rock-shaft II4into the central bore 301, thereby assisting in furnishing oil tolubricate most of the bearings 'for the lower feeding mechanism.Oil-pipe 30I, see Figs. 10 and 24, conveys oil to a wick-filled pocket3" formed in the pitman I I9 which connects the feed-advance and -returnrock-shaft I I4 with the adjustable eccentric I20 on the lowermain-shaft M, the oil in the pocket 3I1 lubricating the adjustableeccentric and being conveyed by the longitudinal bore 3I8 to theopposite end of the pitman I I9. Oilpipe 302, see Figs. 21 and 24,delivers oil through an oil-hole 3I9 to a central bore 320 in thetubular supporting rod I, the oil in the central bore 320 beingconducted by radial ducts 32| to a cut-out 322 in the sleeve I43uponwhich is bearing points without attention by the operator,-

except of course when the' machine has been idle for a considerableperiod of time in which case priming holes have been provided, wherebythe operator may initially ofl the machine. Obviously any surplus oilwhich is thrown ofl by the operating parts within campartments H and I!in the bed I, or collected on the operating parts when they are not inoperation, is collected in the drip-pan 51 which may be periodicallycleaned out.

To facilitate retaining the oil-sling ring 246 in operative positionupon the driving collar 241, the oil-collecting plate'286 is preferablyformed with a horizontally disposed retaining finger 322 (Fig. 17) whichoverlies the oil-sling ring 245 and prevents the same from becomingdislodged from the driving collar 2" during shipment of the machine.

The invention is not to be understood as limited to the specificembodiment thereof shown and described.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what I claim hereinis:

1. In a sewing machine the combination of an endwise reciprocatoryneedle-bar; a frame in which said needle-bar is iournaled adapted to bevibrated in the line of feed; a needle carried 4. In a sewing machinethe combination of an endwise reciprocatory needle-bar; a frame carryingsaid needle-bar and adapted to be vibrated in the line of feed; a needlesecured to said needle-bar; complemental stitch-forming mechanismincluding a chain-stitch looper having loopseizing and loop-sheddingmovements only cooperating with said needle; work-feeding mechanismincluding means forengaging the work upon opposite sides thereof; andmeans for operating said work-feeding mechanism in synchronism with thevibratory frame in which said .needle-bar is carried.

5. In asewing machine the combination of an endwise reciprocatoryneedle-bar; a frame carrying said needle-bar and adapted to be vibratedin the line of feed; a needle secured to said needlebar; complementalstitch-forming mechanism including a two-motion chain-stitch loopercooperating with said needle and adapted to oscillate in a planeparallel to the line of feed; workfeeding mechanism including means forengagby said needle-bar; complemental stitch-forming mechanism includinga chain-stitch looper having loop-seizing and loop-shedding movementsonly cooperating with said needle; work-feeding mechanism includingmeans for engaging the work upon opposite sides thereof; and means foroperating said work-feeding mechanism in syn- ,chronlsm with thevibratory frame in .which said needle-bar is' journaled.

2. In a sewing machine the combination of an endwise reciprocatoryneedle-bar; a frame in which said needle-bar is journaled adapted to bevibrated in the line of feed; a needle carried by said needle-bar;complemental stitch-forming mechanism including a, chain-stitch looperhav-- ing loop-seizing and loop-shedding movements only cooperating withsaid needle; and workfeeding mechanism operated in synchronism with thevibratory frame in which said needlebar is journaled; said feedingmechanism includmg a feed-dog provided with an aperture for receivingthe needle, thereby permitting said feed-dog to back up said needleduring the feeding of the work.

3. In a sewing machine the combination of an endwise reciprocatoryneedle-bar; a frame in which said needle-bar is joumaledadapted to bevibrated in the line of feed; a needle carried by said needle-bar; a"thread enchaining looper cooperating with said needle in the formationof chain-stitches and confined to movement substantially in the line offeed; and work-feeding mechanism operated in synchronism with thevibratory frame in which said needle-hands jour-' naled; said feedingmechanism including a feeddog provided with an aperture for receivingthe needle, thereby permitting said feed-dog to back up said needleduring the feeding of the work.

ing the work, upon opposite sides thereof, and means for operating saidwork-feeding mechanism in synchronism with the vibratory frame in whichsaid needle-bar is carried.

6. .In a sewing machine the combination of an endwise reciprocatoryneedle-bar; a frame carrying said needle-bar and adapted to be vibrated.in the line of feed; a needle secured to said needle-bar; a threadenchaining looper cooperating with said needle in the formation ofsnreader movable in a fixed path arranged trans-.

versely to the plane of movement of the looper for-engaging thelooper-thread and positioning the same so that the needle will pass intothe looper-thread loop: and work-feeding mechanism operated insynchronism with the vibratory frame in which said needle-bar iscarried.

8. In a sewing machine the combination of an I endwise reciprocatoryneedle-bar; a frame carrying said needle-banand adapted to be vibratedin the. line of feed; a needle secured to said needle-bar; a two-motionchain-stitch looper movable in a vertical plane and cooperating withsaid needle in the formation of stitches; a loopsoreader movable in afixed path arranged transversely to the plane of movement of the looperfor engaging the looper-thread and positioning the same so that theneedle will pass into the looper-thread loop; work-feeding mechanismincluding means for engaging the work upon opposite sides thereof; andmeans for operating said work-feeding mechanism in synchronism with thevibratory frame in which said needle-bar is carried.

9. In a-sewing machine the combination of an endwise reciprocatoryneedle-bar; a frame carry--

